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xmlns:gco="http://www.isotc211.org/2005/gco">Alberta Energy Regulator</gco:CharacterString></deliveryPoint><deliveryPoint><gco:CharacterString xmlns:gco="http://www.isotc211.org/2005/gco">4th Floor, Twin Atria Building</gco:CharacterString></deliveryPoint><deliveryPoint><gco:CharacterString xmlns:gco="http://www.isotc211.org/2005/gco">4999-98 Avenue NW</gco:CharacterString></deliveryPoint><city><gco:CharacterString xmlns:gco="http://www.isotc211.org/2005/gco">Edmonton</gco:CharacterString></city><administrativeArea><gco:CharacterString xmlns:gco="http://www.isotc211.org/2005/gco">Alberta</gco:CharacterString></administrativeArea><postalCode><gco:CharacterString xmlns:gco="http://www.isotc211.org/2005/gco">T6B 2X3</gco:CharacterString></postalCode><country><gco:CharacterString xmlns:gco="http://www.isotc211.org/2005/gco">Canada</gco:CharacterString></country><electronicMailAddress><gco:CharacterString xmlns:gco="http://www.isotc211.org/2005/gco">AGS-Info@aer.ca</gco:CharacterString></electronicMailAddress></CI_Address></address><hoursOfService><gco:CharacterString xmlns:gco="http://www.isotc211.org/2005/gco">8:00 a.m. to 12:00 p.m. and 1:00 p.m. to 4:30 p.m.</gco:CharacterString></hoursOfService></CI_Contact></contactInfo><role><CI_RoleCode codeList="http://www.isotc211.org/2005/resources/Codelist/gmxCodelists.xml#CI_RoleCode" codeListValue="distributor" codeSpace="005">distributor</CI_RoleCode></role></CI_ResponsibleParty></distributorContact></MD_Distributor></distributor><transferOptions><MD_DigitalTransferOptions><onLine><CI_OnlineResource><linkage><URL>https://static.ags.aer.ca/files/document/DIG/DIG_2015_0028.zip</URL></linkage><name><gco:CharacterString xmlns:gco="http://www.isotc211.org/2005/gco">TIFF</gco:CharacterString></name></CI_OnlineResource></onLine></MD_DigitalTransferOptions></transferOptions></MD_Distribution></distributionInfo><dataQualityInfo xmlns:gmd="http://www.isotc211.org/2005/gmd"><DQ_DataQuality><scope><DQ_Scope xmlns="http://www.isotc211.org/2005/gmd"><level><MD_ScopeCode codeList="http://www.isotc211.org/2005/resources/Codelist/gmxCodelists.xml#MD_ScopeCode" codeListValue="dataset" codeSpace="005">dataset</MD_ScopeCode></level></DQ_Scope></scope><report><DQ_CompletenessCommission><result xmlns:gco="http://www.isotc211.org/2005/gco" gco:nilReason="unknown"/></DQ_CompletenessCommission></report><report><DQ_CompletenessOmission><evaluationMethodDescription><gco:CharacterString xmlns:gco="http://www.isotc211.org/2005/gco">All pixels in the draft pre-release Landsat Best Available Pixel (BAP) composite data, obtained from the Natural Resources Canada Pacific Forestry Centre, were used for image analysis. Every pixel in the raster grid is classified to a certain class, except for the pixels with the presence of sensor noise or thick cloud. Pixels with sensor noise or thick cloud and pixels outside the study area were assigned ‘0’ value.</gco:CharacterString></evaluationMethodDescription><result xmlns:gco="http://www.isotc211.org/2005/gco" gco:nilReason="unknown"/></DQ_CompletenessOmission></report><report><DQ_ConceptualConsistency><measureDescription><gco:CharacterString xmlns:gco="http://www.isotc211.org/2005/gco">The datasets are in GeoTiff format that have no null values.</gco:CharacterString></measureDescription><result xmlns:gco="http://www.isotc211.org/2005/gco" gco:nilReason="unknown"/></DQ_ConceptualConsistency></report><report><DQ_NonQuantitativeAttributeAccuracy><measureDescription><gco:CharacterString xmlns:gco="http://www.isotc211.org/2005/gco">
The overall accuracy, defined as the total correct pixels (sum of the major diagonal) divided by the total number of pixels in the error matrix N, is 476942/601700 or 72.27% for this dataset.
The Producer accuracy (Table 1), or omission error, is an indication of the probability of a reference pixel being correctly classified. It is calculated as the total number of correct classified pixels in a class divided by total number of pixels in that class. 
Table 1 - Producer accuracy results
Class | Producer Accuracy (%) | Pixel Ratio
-----  ---------------------  -----------
Developed | 82.24 | 17429/21192
Shrub/grass | 39.69 | 18208/45870
Agriculture | 66.52 | 80415/120895
Coniferous forest | 89.41 | 155456/173864
Broadleaf forest | 85.64 | 205434/239879       
The User accuracy (Table 2), or commission error, is defined as the total number of correct classified pixels in a class divided by total number of pixels that were classified in that class. It indicates the probability that a pixel classified on the map represents that class on the ground.
Table 2 - User accuracy results
Class | User Accuracy (%) | Pixel Ratio
-----  ---------------------  -----------
Developed | 90.94 | 17429/19166  
Shrub/grass | 26.64 | 18208/68353  
Agriculture | 88.10 | 80415/91277  
Coniferous forest | 88.67 | 155456/175326  
Broadleaf forest | 82.98 | 205434/247578 
Accuracy assessment for the fused classification result was performed with validation data (derived from the ground-reference data in step 2) that include developed areas, mixed developed areas, coniferous forest, broadleaf forest, shrub/grass, and agriculture classes. Transient LULC types with mixed forest, exposed land/cutblocks/harvested areas, transitional bare surfaces, and shoal were not used for validation since ground reference data for these classes were not realistic.
developed - mixed developed area  (class 5) and developed area ( class 6) were combined to one class
shrub/grass - shrubland (class 8) and grassland (class 9) were combined to one class
agriculture - agricultural area (class 10)
coniferous - coniferous forest (class 11)
broadleaf - broadleaf forest (class 12)</gco:CharacterString></measureDescription><result xmlns:gco="http://www.isotc211.org/2005/gco" gco:nilReason="inapplicable"/></DQ_NonQuantitativeAttributeAccuracy></report><lineage><LI_Lineage><statement xmlns="http://www.isotc211.org/2005/gmd"><gco:CharacterString xmlns:gco="http://www.isotc211.org/2005/gco">All pixels in the draft pre-release Landsat Best Available Pixel (BAP) composite data, obtained from the Natural Resources Canada Pacific Forestry Centre, were used for image analysis. Every pixel in the raster grid is classified to a certain class, except for the pixels with the presence of sensor noise or thick cloud. Pixels with sensor noise or thick cloud and pixels outside the study area were assigned ‘0’ value.</gco:CharacterString></statement><processStep><LI_ProcessStep><description><gco:CharacterString xmlns:gco="http://www.isotc211.org/2005/gco">Process steps performed in ENVI 5.1 to produce classification map:
1.	Pre-release versions of annual Landsat Best Available Pixel Composite (LBAPC) datasets (1984 to 2012) were obtained from the Natural Resources Canada/Pacific Forestry Centre for testing purpose. Among these datasets, 2005 LBAPC was used to produce this Land Use Land Cover (LULC) classification result.
2.	The Alberta Biodiversity Monitoring Institute (ABMI) LULC data for 2010 and the Alberta Department of Energy (ADoE) oil and gas infrastructure data for 2012 were used to produce the 2005 ground-reference data. Normalized Difference Built-up Index (NDBI) was applied to 2005 and 2010 LBAPC data to produce LULC changes from 2005 to 2010. Ground reference data for 2005 was selected by subtracting these changes from the 2010 ABMI data. Ground-reference vegetation types for 2005 include coniferous forest, broadleaf forest, mixed forest, agriculture, grassland, and shrubland. Ground-reference developed areas for 2005 were queried from the ADoE oil and gas infrastructure data. Training data for vegetation types and developed areas were selected from the ground reference data. Training data for exposed land/cutblocks/harvested land and water were selected manually from the 2005 LBAPC data. Areas with cloud, cloud shadow, and noise were discarded from training and validation data. Maximum Likelihood (ML) classification algorithm, Spectral Angle Mapper (SAM) partial unmixing algorithm, and Constraint Energy Minimization (CEM) partial unmixing algorithm utilized the training data with 2005 LBAPC data to produce LULC classification results. 
3.	ML classification algorithm was applied to the 2005 LBAPC data to produce LULC classification result with coniferous forest, broadleaf forest, mixed forest, agriculture, grassland, shrubland, exposed land/cutblock/harvested land, and water classes.  
4.	LULC classification result with developed areas, mixed developed areas, and transitional bare surface classes were produced from the 2005 LBAPC data by dividing the CEM partial unmixing result by the SAM partial unmixing result, followed by the K-Means clustering. Post classification techniques (i.e., majority/minority filter, clump, and sieve) were applied on each of these classes to refine the result and to minimize false detections. 
5.	A fused classification result was produced by combining LULC classification results from step 3 and 4. A buffer with 90 m was applied on the stream channel datasets from Alberta Energy Regulator (AER) and Alberta Merged Wetland Inventory (AMWI) to track yearly changes associated with landslide activities and the appearance or disappearance of sandbars due to water level fluctuation. This buffer zone is assigned to a separate class called shoal. 
6.	Accuracy assessment for the fused classification result was performed with validation data (derived from the ground-reference data in step 2) that include developed areas, mixed developed areas, coniferous forest, broadleaf forest, shrub/grass, and agriculture classes. Transient LULC types with mixed forest, exposed land/cutblocks/harvested areas, transitional bare surfaces, and shoal were not used for validation since ground reference data for these classes were not realistic.</gco:CharacterString></description><dateTime><gco:DateTime xmlns:gco="http://www.isotc211.org/2005/gco">2015-01-01T00:00:00</gco:DateTime></dateTime></LI_ProcessStep></processStep><processStep><LI_ProcessStep><description><gco:CharacterString xmlns:gco="http://www.isotc211.org/2005/gco">Updated coordinate reference system datum to corporate standard, NAD83.</gco:CharacterString></description><dateTime><gco:DateTime xmlns:gco="http://www.isotc211.org/2005/gco">2016-01-01T00:00:00</gco:DateTime></dateTime></LI_ProcessStep></processStep><source><LI_Source><description><gco:CharacterString xmlns:gco="http://www.isotc211.org/2005/gco">Source Contribution: The vegetative classes: coniferous forest, broadleaf forest, mixed forest, agriculture, grassland, and shrubland were acquired from the ABMI data.disc</gco:CharacterString></description><scaleDenominator><MD_RepresentativeFraction><denominator><gco:Integer xmlns:gco="http://www.isotc211.org/2005/gco">0</gco:Integer></denominator></MD_RepresentativeFraction></scaleDenominator><sourceCitation><CI_Citation><title><gco:CharacterString xmlns:gco="http://www.isotc211.org/2005/gco">Alberta Biodiversity Monitoring Institute's land cover map</gco:CharacterString></title><alternateTitle><gco:CharacterString xmlns:gco="http://www.isotc211.org/2005/gco">ABMI</gco:CharacterString></alternateTitle><date><CI_Date><date><gco:Date xmlns:gco="http://www.isotc211.org/2005/gco">2010-01-01</gco:Date></date><dateType><CI_DateTypeCode codeList="http://www.isotc211.org/2005/resources/Codelist/gmxCodelists.xml#CI_DateTypeCode" codeListValue="publication" codeSpace="002">publication</CI_DateTypeCode></dateType></CI_Date></date><edition><gco:CharacterString xmlns:gco="http://www.isotc211.org/2005/gco">Version 1.0 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Development land cover dataset, and Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada land cover dataset.</gco:CharacterString></otherCitationDetails></CI_Citation></sourceCitation><sourceExtent><EX_Extent><temporalElement><EX_TemporalExtent><extent><gml:TimeInstant xmlns:gml="http://www.opengis.net/gml/3.2" gml:id="w2aab3b7b1b7b1b1"><gml:description>ground condition</gml:description><gml:timePosition>2010-01-01</gml:timePosition></gml:TimeInstant></extent></EX_TemporalExtent></temporalElement></EX_Extent></sourceExtent></LI_Source></source><source><LI_Source><description><gco:CharacterString xmlns:gco="http://www.isotc211.org/2005/gco">Source Contribution: The shoal classification is derived from the stream channel vectors in this data set.online</gco:CharacterString></description><scaleDenominator><MD_RepresentativeFraction><denominator><gco:Integer 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Development</gco:CharacterString></organisationName><role><CI_RoleCode codeList="http://www.isotc211.org/2005/resources/Codelist/gmxCodelists.xml#CI_RoleCode" codeListValue="resourceProvider" codeSpace="001">resourceProvider</CI_RoleCode></role></CI_ResponsibleParty></citedResponsibleParty><presentationForm><CI_PresentationFormCode codeList="http://www.isotc211.org/2005/resources/Codelist/gmxCodelists.xml#CI_PresentationFormCode" codeListValue="mapDigital" codeSpace="005">mapDigital</CI_PresentationFormCode></presentationForm><series><CI_Series><name/><issueIdentification/></CI_Series></series><otherCitationDetails><gco:CharacterString xmlns:gco="http://www.isotc211.org/2005/gco">A major component of this dataset is derived from Ducks Unlimited Canada's drained and boreal Enhanced Wetland Classification inventories.
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